Description
Plasma-polymerized fluorocarbon (PPFC)–based nanocomposite thin films provide a multifunctional materials platform for a wide range of energy device applications. PPFC thin films fabricated by plasma-assisted sputtering processes exhibit a unique combination of ultra-low refractive index (~1.38), high optical transparency, chemical stability, dielectric properties, mechanical flexibility, and low surface energy.
In photovoltaic applications, PPFC thin films function as highly effective anti-reflection coatings. The low refractive index and high visible transmittance significantly reduce surface reflectance, leading to enhanced light harvesting and improved power conversion efficiency. In addition, the intrinsic hydrophobicity of PPFC films enables self-cleaning surfaces, contributing to improved long-term stability of solar cells, particularly under humid conditions. The excellent adhesion and flexibility of PPFC coatings further allow their integration with flexible and wearable photovoltaic devices.
PPFC-based nanocomposites also offer strong advantages for electrochemical energy storage. By embedding active materials and conductive fillers within the PPFC matrix, mechanically robust and elastic thin-film electrodes can be realized. The PPFC matrix effectively mitigates stress induced by volume expansion during repeated charge–discharge cycles, resulting in improved cycling stability and durability in thin-film lithium-ion batteries.
Furthermore, PPFC thin films are highly suitable as triboelectric layers for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Their strong electrification characteristics, combined with thin thickness and excellent flexibility, enable efficient conversion of low-frequency mechanical energy. Surface structuring strategies further enhance the effective contact area, leading to high-output, flexible TENGs for human motion and environmental energy harvesting.
Overall, PPFC-based nanocomposite thin films represent a scalable and versatile materials platform that bridges photovoltaic, electrochemical, and triboelectric energy technologies.