Description
We present a first-principles numerical study of axion production from the sun using a novel particle-in-cell–Monte Carlo (PIC–MC) framework. Our approach self-consistently models the solar plasma while preserving realistic radial density and temperature profiles by imposing gravitational forces that enforce hydrostatic equilibrium throughout the simulation. This enables long-timescale stability of solar plasma conditions within a kinetic plasma description. Axion emission is implemented through established cross sections for the Primakoff, Compton, and Bremsstrahlung processes, allowing axions to be generated dynamically from particle interactions. The Monte Carlo module directly samples these processes, producing axion spectra and loss rates without relying on equilibrium or purely analytical approximations. We benchmark the resulting energy spectra against standard solar-model predictions and analytical calculations.